2.
   2023
/   
  
(  :    )
 : 3     :100
:     -    ,          
                
 -
1.             
2.  .      '          
    '  
 -
3.       '     -   '  
4.           -    

 -
2.
5.              
6.          '  
-
7. UNO          
8.  '      EU     
2.
   2023
/   
  
(  :    )
 : 3     :100
:     -    ,          
                
 -
1.             
:       
 - :     
   -               
, ,           ,    
 ,       
 "" ()        -     ,  
,   ,  
 ,   
  -   
   
 ,              
    
2.
        
    
   , , , , ,        
    
  :
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  =     
          ,    
    
 :
    
-    
    
 ,             
       
      
      ,       :
1.  - 
, , , ,      
      
 '   
2.  
        
     :
 
 


:      
 
3.   
          ,  :
2.

 

 
:          
4.    
           
  :

 
 
  :
 
 
 
     
             , 
        
       

     --  
1.      
            :
 



:             
2.
 ,          
  , 
   
2.  
              
      :


  
 
:   "  "  "  "    

 ,         
3.    
                
 
   :
  
  
  
 
:            
 , -        
4.   
             
  
2.
:
  (UN)
 
...
WHO
      :
  
 
 
 
 ,         
5.    
             
             
   :

 
 
 
:   ,          
,     , , ,      
6.    
            
           :


 
2.
   
:      
    
,            
7.     
      '      :
 
 



:           
 ,       
8. 
  
       
   :

 


:       
           
9.  
          
  ,  :
2.
 

 


 
: -19       
  
        
,   
   
10. -   
,              
 
 ,  :
- 
-  (NGO)
 
 
:         
 ,       
     
     ,       :
1. 
         
2. -
     '   
3.     
       
2.
4.   
      
        
   
   
   
 
   
   
    
    
 '   
 '   
  
     
 
       
      :
  
  
   
  
 
   
 ,             
:   ,  ,       


              ,
,   -    ,  , , ,  
  '  
      -          ,
        
2.
      ,     
     
              
          
2.  .      '          
    '  
:   :    
  ,           
           : "   
    -    '     -    
"
       ,        

      ,          
 ,       ,      
       
 - ,  . ,        
       (1948)      
                 ,
             
     

          
1.                   
          
 -     
          
  
  ,   
   ,    (      )    
  
  ,      
;     
   
2.           
2.
                 
             
    

   
     ,    
 , " 
  '  ?"   ,     , "      
   ?"
3.    ,     
           ,        
     ,      ;  ,    
    
        -      

     
4.             ,         
  
          -   
                 ,
     
 ,       ,         
    ,           
 
5.             

            
           '    ,    
 
    '   
 ,         "   ,"  
:     
 -         
   
6.    
 ,               
 
  ,     
   
 ,     '  
2.
     :      
      ,         

  
 ,         :
       
   
      
 
      

        
               
,      
 ,   :     
 
,       
           
   ,    :     
 -   
  

 ,     ,     
    :     ,      
,             
       ,    
       
    
 -
3.       '     -   '  
:        
                 
,          ,    
  ,         
       ,       
         
2.
,   :
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  =           
      
    ? (  )
             '  
 -  , , ,    '    
 ,        '  
    ' 
   :





 
  
      
 
    :
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔               

 :
      
     
     
     
 
   
 ?
     ,  :

2.
 



    ,      
  :
    
 
   
 
   
 
 ,        
    
    
             
 
 
       
1. 
         
 
   :
  


  (, )
 
 ,      
:
      
    -    
    -    
2.
      
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:     
 
2.  
    :

  

 

      
         
:
   
 , , 
   
 ,       
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔       '      
3.  
        :
(a)   ( )
    :
 
 
 
:        
 
() 
     :
2.




         -  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔        
4.  
        
   :



 

 
          :
 
   
   
  
:
   
  
  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  =      
5.  
        
2.
   :

 
 

 
 
  :
    
  
 
 
     
:
     
  
    
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔      
 
6.    
   '     
   :
 

 
 
   
 
      
:
  
 
2.
   5
  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔     
 
7.   
             
 :
    
   
  
  
     
        
:
    
      
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔       
8.     
       ,    
   :



 '  
   
:  ,    
 
2.
      
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔 =    
9. 
          
 
   :
 


 
         
:
 
 
 
      ,    
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔   '      
10.     
        
   :






         
2.
:
   
    
  (-, ) →  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔      
     
       :
   
  

 
   
  



    
   
    
 :
     
     
   
 
       
        -    
2.
     
,     

    :
 
 
 

 
:           
    -   

              , 
           
     ' 

  '        - , , , , , ,
, ,   
       '   ,    ' , 
 ' ,   '        '    
  ,           ,   
        
 
4.           -    

:    
  ,        :    
   ,              
    ,             : " '
  '  "
2.
                
     ,          
           ,    
     
 ,     (      )  
 
               ,  
  
      
    ,         
 :
 :       
 :          
:            
  
      
   :      
 -     
   
,       -  '   
    ""       
1.    
     :        
,    
          
,    (     )      
         
                   
 
2.   
     ,          
     :  ,   ,   
   
              
            '    
     
3.    
2.
    
,           
  
       -        
     
 ,   (1950) ,         '
              
       
4.     
          ,     
           (    
)   
              
      
5.    
       
     
       ,       
 -  (NPT)         
 
6.       
 ,         '   
            
            
   
     
  
       ,      :
                
     '    ,     
 
           
   ,           
              
 

2.
 ,                
              ,  ,
        
,    

               
 -
5.              
:󷇮󷇭        
  ',   ,    '     
,          
? 
  
   
 , , ,       

 :
           
         
           
       
,    
󷊆󷊇          
             
1.       
             
   '          :


  
2.
 
             
         
:
     '       
     '    
       
       '  :
    ?
      ?
       ?
   ,      
:         
    
2.       
, ,         -   ,  
   
      
    
      :




   
     ,      
:            
  
2.
     :


 
       
    -    
3.    
        
:
   
 
    
 
      
      ,       
       :


 
 
       
4.          
,  ,  -  
    
              
       
    :
    
2.
    
 :        '   
  
        
    :
      ?
        ?
         ?
5.       
          
:
    


  
  
      
      :
 
 
 
 
 :              ,   
      
            
6.         
        
      :
2.



 
          
          
   :
 
  
  
    
       ,     
7.          
     
 
 :
 
  '   
    
 :
  
  '   
     
       :         
       
?
      ,      
󷇳     '   

     ,      
     
2.
   :
 
  
 
  
   :
 
   
  
  
    
      
󽀼󽀽󽁀󽁁󽀾󽁂󽀿󽁃         
            
     :
   
    
  
  
 
    :
   
    
   
          
󷇲󷇱         
   
21
 ,        
    :
 
 
2.
 


 
               


:   =   
󽆪󽆫󽆬    

  
        :
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔    ,     
             -  
   
󷄧󼿒
          
   
            , 
,   ,    ,  ,   
         ,  , 
              
 ,       '    '    
             
,         
 -      
       
2.
6.          '  
:       
                - 
 
 -             , 
  ,          ,
 , ,       -  ( 
  )         
 
      '        
     
         , 
  
 ,      
   
             
   
                
 -          ,    
       ,    " "  
""   
   ,     '   :
          
       (  
)
            
     
  ,     
,      :
 :           
     ,      ' 
  : 
       ,  
     ,      
,       
  :        
  ,          '   , 
      
     :    ,      
    ,       
   
2.
            
      :
1.    
               , 
,               
    ,    ,        
    
2.      
               
    ,          
           
3.        
           , 
         ,      
         
4.      
          
  ,
           ,
    
       
     
               
 -   11 , 2001   -       
"  "        ,   
,           
     :
             
?
              ?

        ?
  
       
 -  -,  
     
2.

              ,
     ,   , ,      '
         ,       ,
          -  
-
7. UNO          
:󷇮󷇭  ?
   (UNO),    '   (UN)   ,  
         ,   ,  
            
   193   ,          
  -     -      
󷩡󷩟󷩠UNO ( )  
        -  ,       
     ,           
󷄧󷄫 '
                  
 -          
2.
:
 193  
    
     
:
  (, , ,   ) '   
      
          
   
            
󷄧󷄬     
4
          
    
   
:
 15 
5   (, , , , )
10 -  (2    )
5       -        
:
2.
    
      
  '  
 
 '     
 ,          ,    
 
󷄧󷄭     (ECOSOC)–    
     
 ECOSOC        ' 
 
:
54  
    
-   
:
    
      
   (WHO, UNESCO, UNICEF)    
     '   
           
2.
󷄧󷄮     (ICJ)–  
      , ,       , 
     
:
15 
9    
 ()  
:
        
        
     
          
󷄰󷄯 
         
:
- (    )   
    
  
2.
:
      
      
    
 
      
-  "  "   
󷄧󷄱  
                
 
     ,  1994     
   ,     
󷇳      (     )
  ,       
    
     
󹼯󹼰󹼱󹼳󹼲1.       
             :
  
  
  
 ,             

󺰎󺰏󺰐󺰑󺰒󺰓󺰔󺰕󺰖󺰗󺰘󺰙󺰚2.       
  ,    
    
               
2.
󽀼󽀽󽁀󽁁󽀾󽁂󽀿󽁃3.       
   
     :
     
  
   
UNHCR             
󷊆󷊇4.      
       :
    
    
   (SDGs)   
WHO, UNICEF,           
󷇮󷇭5.     
        ,  :
 


 
          
󷄧󷅟󷅠󷅡6.      
   ,     :
 
 
  
 
2.
          
󽇐 ...  
   ,    :
 
 
    
   
     ,         
 
󷄧󼿒
   (UNO)            
  -  ,  , ECOSOC, ICJ,       -
  
   -        
  -  , ,     ,    -
           
  ,    ( 
)      ,
  ,              
 ,               
    
8.  '      EU     
:       
             
          ,    
                
      
2.
1950            ,  
-         ,   27   
 (    )       : , , , ,
     
                -  
 ,           
          ,     
                
        
      
       :
 :      , ,  
  - 
  :        

  :            
  
 
    (19     ),   (-  
),  ,           
      ,    '     
   
: 
   ,            
 -         2016 ,    
  ,                
     ,        
 
?
      :
    :             
          
:          ,   
    
  :              
  
2.
    :           
    

   ' 2017  EU    50        
  ,     ' 31 , 2020 EU     
,  (   ),          
     
  
    :
 ':       '       
    ,      EU   
   
   :            
,          ,     
 
     :     ,    
              
 
     
  ,              
    ,  ,     
    '     ,     , 
 
            

           ,    
,     
       
 ,           
    
    ,        
  , ,       
"                 
 
        ,         
 "